Focused Scam Guides
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Dusting and De-anonymization Attacks via Cryptocurrency
Attackers send tiny cryptocurrency amounts to many wallets to track fund flows and link wallet addresses to real-world identities, enabling targeted fraud or extortion.
PaymentDAO Governance Takeover Scams via Cryptocurrency
Attackers accumulate governance tokens or exploit flash-loan voting power to pass malicious proposals that drain a DAO's treasury or modify protocol parameters in their favor.
PlatformForex Scams on Telegram
Fake forex trading operations recruit via Telegram, promise guaranteed currency-exchange profits, collect deposits, then steal funds through fake brokers or vanishing signal services.
PaymentPonzi Schemes via Bank Transfer
Investment fraud operations collect funds through bank transfers, paying early investors with later investors' money to maintain the illusion of legitimate returns.
PlatformPump-and-Dump Scams on X/Twitter
Fraudsters use X/Twitter to artificially inflate the price of thinly traded stocks or tokens, then sell their positions at peak prices, leaving other investors with losses.
PaymentBank Transfer App Fraud via Bank Transfer
Fraudsters trick victims into authorizing bank transfers through impersonation, urgency, and social engineering, exploiting the instant and often irreversible nature of electronic bank payments.
PlatformBoiler Room Scams via Phone Calls
High-pressure sales callers push worthless or non-existent investments over the phone, using professional scripts and urgency to extract payments before victims can research the opportunity.
PaymentPrecious Metal Investment Scams via Bank Transfer
Fraudulent bullion dealers or storage programs collect bank transfers for gold, silver, or platinum investments that do not exist or cannot be delivered or redeemed.
PaymentCarbon Credit Scams via Bank Transfer
Fraudulent carbon credit brokers collect bank transfers for worthless or non-existent emission certificates, exploiting interest in ESG and climate investing.
PaymentFractional Property Investment Scams via Bank Transfer
Fraudulent fractional real estate schemes collect bank transfers for shares in properties that do not exist, are already sold, or are controlled by dishonest operators who pocket investor funds.
PlatformMoney Flipping Scams on Instagram
Fraudsters post lifestyle images on Instagram claiming they can multiply cash deposits through secret banking exploits, collecting payments from followers who never receive a return.
PlatformFinfluencer Unlicensed Investment Scams on Instagram
Unlicensed social media personalities on Instagram promote high-risk or fraudulent investment products to their followers without regulatory authorization or adequate risk disclosures.
PlatformFake AI Investment Bots on Telegram
Fraudulent Telegram bots claim to use artificial intelligence to generate consistent investment returns, collecting deposits that are never returned while showing fabricated profit dashboards.
PlatformAI Trading Signal Subscription Scams on Telegram
Telegram channels sell AI-generated trading signals at premium prices, claiming machine-learning accuracy, but deliver generic or fabricated calls that produce consistent losses for subscribers.
PaymentFake AI Trading Platform Scams via Cryptocurrency
Fraudulent trading platforms claiming to use AI automation accept cryptocurrency deposits, display fabricated profits, then block all withdrawals and disappear with investor funds.
PlatformIn-Game Skins and Currency Scams on Discord
Fraudsters use Discord to trade fake, stolen, or non-existent in-game skins and virtual currency, collecting real money or items before disappearing without delivering what was promised.
PlatformAccount Recovery and Boosting Scams on Discord
Fraudsters on Discord offer to recover banned accounts, boost rankings, or unlock achievements for a fee, delivering nothing or compromising the victim's account in the process.
PlatformFree Robux and V-Bucks Generator Scams on Discord
Fake generator sites and Discord bots promise free in-game currency for popular games but steal account credentials, install malware, or funnel players through endless surveys that never deliver.
PlatformGrey Market Game Key Chargeback Scams on Discord
Sellers on Discord offer deeply discounted game keys that were purchased with stolen payment methods, and when the fraudulent purchase is charged back the key is revoked, leaving the buyer without the game.
PlatformFake Game Mod Loader Malware Scams on Discord
Fraudulent mod loaders and cheats distributed through Discord contain malware that steals account credentials, cryptocurrency wallet data, and personal files from the victim's computer.
PlatformFake Esports Betting and Tournament Scams on Discord
Fraudulent esports tournament organizers and unregulated betting operators on Discord collect entry fees or wagers but never pay out winnings or fabricate match results to ensure the house always wins.
PlatformIn-Game Marketplace Fee Scams on Discord
Fraudsters posing as item buyers or marketplace administrators on Discord charge upfront fees before completing a purchase or trade, then disappear with the fee and the victim's items.
PlatformFake Visa Enforcement Scams via Phone Calls
How callers posing as immigration or visa enforcement officers use phone calls to pressure victims into making payments to avoid fake deportation or arrest.
PlatformFake Census Scams via Email
How fraudulent emails impersonating a national census bureau harvest personal and financial information from recipients under the guise of a mandatory population survey.
PlatformFake Child Support Scams via Phone Calls
How callers impersonating child support enforcement agencies use threatening phone calls to coerce parents into making fraudulent payments.
PlatformFake Passport Renewal Fee Scams via Email
How fraudulent emails impersonating passport agencies collect application fees and personal documents from people who believe they are renewing their passports through official channels.
PlatformFake Healthcare Enrollment Scams via Phone Calls
How callers impersonating health insurance marketplaces or government healthcare programs enroll victims in worthless plans or steal personal data during open enrollment periods.
PlatformFake Electoral Registration Scams via Email
How fraudulent emails impersonating electoral registration authorities steal personal information by directing voters to fake registration portals ahead of elections.
PlatformFake Court Fine Emails: How They Work
How emails impersonating courts and traffic enforcement bodies pressure recipients into paying fraudulent fines through official-looking portals.
PlatformFake FEMA and Disaster Aid Scams via Phone Calls
How callers impersonating FEMA and disaster relief agencies target disaster survivors with fraudulent aid applications that steal personal information and application fees.
PlatformFake Court e-Summons Scams via Email
How fraudulent emails mimicking official court e-summons notifications pressure recipients into clicking malicious links or paying to 'reschedule' hearings.
PlatformFake Government App Download Scams via SMS
How text messages impersonating government agencies trick citizens into installing malicious apps that steal credentials, banking details, and personal data.
PlatformMedical Identity Theft via Email
How phishing emails targeting healthcare portals and insurance accounts enable fraudsters to steal medical identities, obtain prescriptions, and submit fraudulent insurance claims.
PlatformFake Medical Equipment Scams on Facebook
How Facebook Marketplace and Facebook Groups are used to sell counterfeit, non-functional, or simply non-existent medical equipment to patients and caregivers.
PlatformFake Addiction Treatment Scams via Phone Calls
How fraudulent callers posing as addiction treatment placement services steer vulnerable individuals and families toward fake or unqualified treatment facilities.
PlatformFake Dental and Vision Plan Scams via Phone Calls
How callers sell worthless dental and vision discount plans that deliver far less coverage than promised, targeting people who lack adequate dental or vision insurance.
PlatformFake Supplement Subscription Scams via Email
How health supplement emails use free trial offers to lock consumers into expensive recurring subscriptions hidden in hard-to-find terms.
PlatformFake Medical Crowdfunding Scams on Facebook
How fraudulent medical fundraising posts on Facebook exploit compassion by fabricating or exaggerating illnesses to collect donations that never reach a real patient.
PlatformFake Weight Loss Program Subscription Scams via Email
How weight loss program emails use dramatic before-and-after testimonials and trial offers to enroll consumers in expensive subscriptions that deliver little or nothing.
PlatformFake Online Therapy and Counselling Scams via Email
How fraudulent online therapy emails attract people seeking mental health support and either collect fees for non-existent sessions or connect them with unlicensed practitioners.
PlatformFake Clinical Trial Recruitment Scams via Email
How fraudulent clinical trial invitation emails collect participation fees or personal data from people hoping to access cutting-edge treatments.
PlatformTelemedicine Platform Fraud via Phone Calls
How fraudulent telemedicine callers exploit the growth of legitimate telehealth to collect insurance information, bill for services not rendered, and sell unneeded prescriptions.
PlatformHealthcare Billing Fraud via Email
How fraudulent healthcare billing emails collect personal and insurance information that enables fraudsters to submit claims for services never provided.
PlatformPrescription Discount Card Scams via Phone Calls
How callers promote prescription discount cards that claim to save significantly on medication costs but turn out to deliver negligible or no savings.
PlatformFake Medical Alert Device Scams via Phone Calls
How callers target seniors and caregivers with free or subsidised medical alert devices that come with expensive hidden monthly monitoring contracts.
PlatformForeclosure Relief Scams via Phone Calls
How callers posing as mortgage relief specialists prey on homeowners facing foreclosure, collecting upfront fees for help that never materialises.
PlatformMortgage Modification Scams via Email
How fraudulent emails offer loan modification services to struggling homeowners, collecting fees and sensitive financial documents before vanishing.
PlatformRent-to-Own Scams on Facebook
How fraudulent rent-to-own property offers on Facebook collect option fees and deposits from people who never gain any legal interest in the property.
PlatformReal Estate Wire Fraud via Email
How fraudsters intercept real estate transactions by compromising email accounts and redirecting closing funds to bank accounts they control.
PlatformFake Property Listing Deposit Scams on Facebook
How fraudulent property listings on Facebook collect holding deposits or first-month rent for properties the lister does not own or that do not exist.
PlatformEquity Stripping Foreclosure Scams via Phone Calls
How callers persuade homeowners in financial distress to sign over property equity through deceptive sale-leaseback or loan arrangements that leave them with nothing.
PlatformRogue Mover Quote Inflation Scams via Phone Calls
How rogue moving companies provide low initial quotes by phone and then dramatically inflate charges on moving day, holding belongings hostage until the inflated fee is paid.
PlatformRent-to-Own Property Scams via Phone Calls
How callers market fraudulent rent-to-own property programmes by phone, collecting option fees and monthly rent premiums without providing any valid ownership pathway.
PlatformFake Estate Agent Holding Deposit Scams via Email
How fraudulent emails impersonating estate agents collect holding deposits from property buyers or renters for properties they have no authority to let or sell.
PlatformShared House and Roommate Deposit Scams on Facebook
How fraudulent room listings and fake roommate searches on Facebook collect deposits and advance rent from people seeking shared housing.
PlatformSynthetic Identity Fraud: How Email Is Used to Build It
How phishing emails collect fragments of real consumer data that are combined with fabricated details to create synthetic identities used for large-scale financial fraud.
PlatformElder Identity Theft via Phone Calls
How fraudulent callers specifically target older adults to steal personal and financial information that enables identity theft, fraudulent account opening, and benefits fraud.
PlatformMedical Identity Theft Through Data Theft via Email
How email-based data breaches and phishing campaigns targeting healthcare organisations expose detailed medical identity records used for prescription fraud and benefit claims.
PlatformChange of Address Redirect Fraud via Postal Mail
How fraudsters submit change of address forms on behalf of victims to redirect financial mail, intercept statements, and enable identity theft and account takeover.
PlatformMail Rerouting Identity Theft via Postal Mail
How thieves intercept physical mail from letterboxes, shared mail areas, and postal redirects to harvest financial documents and enable identity theft.
PlatformDeceased Identity Theft via Postal Mail
How fraudsters obtain the personal details of recently deceased individuals through obituaries and estate mail to open credit accounts and submit fraudulent claims.
PlatformEmployment Identity Theft via Email
How fraudulent job offer emails and fake employer onboarding processes harvest tax and banking details used to commit employment tax fraud and benefits theft.
PlatformWork-From-Home Scams via Email
How fraudulent work-from-home job offers land in inboxes, promising easy remote income while harvesting personal data or extracting upfront fees.
PlatformPay-to-Get-Paid Scams via Email
How email-delivered job offers require victims to pay registration, training, or membership fees with the false promise of earning it back through work.
PlatformReshipping Mule Scams via Email
How fraudulent 'parcel manager' or 'quality control inspector' job offers delivered by email turn victims into unwitting accomplices in stolen-goods trafficking.
PlatformFake Interview Scams on LinkedIn
How fraudulent recruiters on LinkedIn use convincing job interview processes to harvest personal data, extract fees, or deliver malware to job seekers.
PlatformFake Employment Contract Scams on LinkedIn
How fraudulent LinkedIn job offers progress to forged employment contracts designed to extract personal data, upfront fees, or bank account access from victims.
PlatformTelegram Job Scams on Telegram
How fraudulent job offers spread through Telegram channels and group chats, leading victims through fake work tasks before demanding cryptocurrency payments or trapping them in pig-butchering schemes.
PlatformData Entry Job Scams via Email
How fake data entry job offers delivered by email extract upfront fees, harvest personal data, or deliver no work in exchange for registration payments.
PlatformApp Review Job Scams on Telegram
How Telegram-based fake app and product review jobs entrap victims in escalating cryptocurrency deposit schemes disguised as task-completion work.
PlatformMLM Recruitment Scams on Facebook
How multi-level marketing recruitment fraud spreads through Facebook groups, personal profiles, and Messenger to sign victims up for money-losing product distribution schemes.
PlatformFake Government Job Scams via Email
How fraudulent government job offers delivered by email use official-looking branding and application processes to extract fees and personal data from job seekers.
PlatformModeling and Acting Scams on Instagram
How fake talent scouts and model agencies use Instagram to recruit victims into paying for unnecessary photoshoots, portfolio fees, and training that lead nowhere.
PlatformEnvelope Stuffing Scams via Email
How a decades-old postal job fraud has migrated to email, still promising easy home-based earnings for stuffing envelopes while extracting starter kit fees and revealing the 'secret' is to recruit others.
PlatformFake Caregiver and Nanny Job Scams on Facebook
How fraudulent nanny, caregiver, and elderly care job postings on Facebook extract fees, deliver fraudulent cheques, or expose victims to personal safety risks.
PlatformFake Remote Assistant Jobs on LinkedIn
How fraudulent virtual and personal assistant job listings on LinkedIn extract personal data, fees, and access credentials from applicants under the guise of professional remote roles.
PlatformFake Internship Fee Scams via Email
How fraudulent internship offers delivered by email require students and recent graduates to pay placement fees, insurance bonds, or administrative charges for non-existent positions.
PlatformFake Certification and Training Job Scams via Email
How fraudulent job offers delivered by email require victims to purchase bogus certifications or training courses as a condition of employment that never materialises.
PlatformFake Data Annotation Jobs on Telegram
How Telegram-based fake AI data labelling and annotation jobs use small initial payments and task dashboards to trap victims in cryptocurrency deposit cycles.
PlatformFake Package Reshipping Jobs via Email
How email-based fake logistics coordinator jobs recruit victims to receive and forward packages purchased with stolen payment cards, exposing them to criminal liability.
PlatformCommission-Only Bait Jobs on LinkedIn
How misleading commission-only job listings on LinkedIn lure victims with implied salary promises before revealing the role has no base pay, while extracting personal data and sometimes upfront costs.
PlatformAI CV Applicant Fraud on LinkedIn
How AI-generated fake candidate profiles on LinkedIn deceive employers and how fraudulent AI CV creation services scam job seekers with false promises of guaranteed interviews.
PlatformNotario Immigration Consultant Fraud via Email
How unlicensed notarios and fake immigration consultants use email to deceive immigrants with false legal authority, filing fraudulent documents and collecting fees for services they cannot legally provide.
PlatformFake Immigration Lawyer Scams via Email
How fraudulent attorneys and fake law firm emails deceive immigrants with fabricated legal credentials, collecting large fees for immigration applications they never file or file fraudulently.
PlatformFake Citizenship Test Services via Email
How fraudulent online citizenship test preparation services use email to charge immigrants for unofficial study materials, fake practice exams, or guaranteed-pass schemes that provide no real benefit.
PlatformFake Work Permit Scams via Phone Calls
How phone-based fraudsters impersonate government immigration authorities to demand fees for fake work permits, visa extensions, or expedited processing that do not exist.
PlatformFake Legal Settlement Payout Scams via Email
How fraudulent emails claim recipients are entitled to compensation from a legal settlement, then extract processing fees or personal data before any payout is released.
PlatformFake Class Action Claim Scams via Email
How bogus class action claim emails persuade recipients to submit personal data or pay processing fees for non-existent litigation payouts.
PlatformFake Debt Lawsuit Threat Scams via Phone Calls
How fraudulent callers impersonate process servers, debt collection attorneys, or law enforcement to coerce immediate payment for supposed outstanding debts under threat of lawsuit or arrest.
PlatformFake Notarization and Apostille Scams via Email
How fraudulent online notarisation and apostille services collect fees for falsified or worthless document authentications that can cause serious legal and immigration consequences.
PlatformFake Asylum Application Fee Scams via Phone Calls
How phone-based fraudsters impersonate immigration officials or consultants to demand fees from asylum seekers for application processing, case acceleration, or status protection.
PlatformFake Competition Scams on Facebook
How fraudulent giveaway and competition posts on Facebook harvest personal data, charge claim fees, or steal account credentials from users who believe they have won a prize.
PlatformFake Mystery Shopper Prize Scams via Email
How fraudulent mystery shopper and prize-linked job offers arrive by email, combining a work opportunity with a prize notification to extract fees and deliver fraudulent cheques.
PlatformRaffle Scams on Facebook
How fraudulent online raffle and charity draw posts on Facebook collect ticket payments for prizes that are never awarded, while often impersonating legitimate charities or fundraisers.
PlatformPublishers Sweepstakes-Style Scams via Postal Mail
How mailers designed to look like official prize notification packages pressure recipients into purchasing magazine subscriptions or products to claim prizes they have not won.
PlatformSocial Media Lottery Winner Scams on Facebook
How fraudulent Facebook messages claim recipients have been selected as lottery winners, requiring them to pay release fees or provide financial details to claim a non-existent prize.