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Widespread scams with meaningful but usually more limited losses. (129 scam types.)
Fabricated 'news articles' promoting scams, often using deepfakes and trusted-outlet branding.
Subscription & Billing ScamsServices charge a large annual renewal without adequate warning, catching subscribers unaware and making it difficult to obtain a refund for an unwanted renewal.
Tech ScamsPages that fake a 'locked' or 'frozen' computer to force a call to fake support.
Online Shopping ScamsReceiving a parcel you never ordered sounds harmless, but it signals that scammers have your personal data and may be fraudulently boosting product reviews in your name.
Online Shopping ScamsScams targeting sellers, where buyers exploit chargebacks to get goods for free after paying.
Job & Income ScamsFake employers advertise salaried positions but switch candidates to an unpaid commission-only model after hiring, often after the candidate has already resigned from a previous role.
Job & Income ScamsFake content agencies or clients post writing jobs, then charge applicants a registration, training, or 'style guide' fee before any work begins — after which they disappear or provide no actual assignments.
Online Shopping ScamsFake or knock-off products sold as genuine, often unsafe and with no real warranty or returns.
Mail & Courier FraudFraudsters sell fake postage stamps or postage labels online at discounted prices; items sent with counterfeit postage are returned to senders or attract surcharge fees.
Finance ScamsCompanies charging upfront fees to 'fix' your credit file using methods that are illegal, ineffective, or things you can do yourself for free.
Auto & Vehicle ScamsUnlicensed dealers posing as private sellers to flip problem vehicles without dealer regulations, warranties, or consumer protections.
Identity Theft & Data ScamsScammers pose as data-removal services or privacy companies, claiming they have found your personal data on broker sites and offering to remove it — for a fee. In reality, your data may not be removed, and the scammer collects payment and further personal information.
Job & Income ScamsClassic 'easy data entry from home' offers built around upfront fees or impossible accuracy clauses.
Business ScamsFake 'your domain is expiring' notices that trick you into paying a bogus registrar or transferring your domain.
Charity & Disaster ScamsBogus collectors who visit homes with fake ID badges and collection materials to solicit cash donations for non-existent charities.
Online Shopping ScamsStores that secretly source cheap goods from wholesale suppliers at enormous markups, misrepresenting the product's origin and true value.
Crypto & Web3 ScamsAttackers send tiny amounts of cryptocurrency to target wallets to link pseudonymous addresses to real identities, enabling targeted phishing, extortion, or further wallet attacks.
Job & Income ScamsOne of the oldest work-from-home frauds — pay a fee, get instructions on how to run the same scam on others.
AI-Era ScamsBogus 'AI advisor' services that give harmful advice or harvest sensitive financial data.
Travel ScamsUnofficial websites and callers that charge fees to process airline refunds or flight compensation claims that passengers could pursue free of charge directly with the airline.
Travel ScamsFraudulent websites and touts sell pre-booked airport fast-track security, immigration, or check-in services that either do not exist or are available free, charging for something the passenger never receives.
Travel ScamsUnofficial 'taxi' and transfer touts who overcharge, reroute, or take prepayment and vanish.
Charity & Disaster ScamsFraudulent organisations claiming to rescue, rehome, or protect animals that collect donations or rehoming fees without ever helping any animal.
Business ScamsBogus business leads, directory listings and 'renewal' invoices that charge for nothing of value.
Government Impersonation ScamsBogus 'you qualify for a benefit/grant' messages that harvest data or charge access fees.
Gaming ScamsFraudulent offers of early or exclusive game access used to steal payment details or account credentials.
Business ScamsFraudsters posing as directory or map service representatives charge businesses to update or correct their online listings on platforms that offer this at no cost.
Government Impersonation ScamsImposters posing as census officials who harvest identity data or charge fake 'participation fees'.
Charity & Disaster ScamsFraudulent lottery or prize draw schemes that falsely claim a charitable purpose, collecting ticket payments that are not applied to any genuine cause and often never running a legitimate prize draw.
Lottery & Prize ScamsFraudulent charity raffles and prize draws that collect ticket payments without running a real draw, donating to charity, or awarding prizes.
Online Shopping ScamsProducts sold with a promise to donate a portion of proceeds to a named cause, where no meaningful donation is made and the charitable claim is used purely to justify the purchase.
Legal & Immigration ScamsServices that charge for citizenship test preparation claiming to be official or to improve pass rates through back channels, but provide nothing beyond free public materials.
Legal & Immigration ScamsFraudulent websites or operators who collect a fee to file a class action claim on your behalf, when no genuine class action exists or no service is provided.
Tech Scams'Your storage is full' or 'shared file' messages that phish your cloud or email login.
Lottery & Prize ScamsFraudulent competitions designed to harvest personal data, charge entry fees, or deliver worthless prizes instead of the advertised ones.
Online Shopping ScamsFraudulent sites selling official band or artist merchandise collect payments and either deliver counterfeits or nothing at all, trading on fan loyalty and event excitement.
Social Media & Account TakeoverFraudulent offers to enrol creators in monetisation programmes, ad revenue sharing, or brand fund access — all requiring upfront fees or credential submission.
Extortion & Blackmail ScamsScammers send false copyright infringement notices threatening to have a website, social media account, or content removed unless a licensing fee or settlement is paid, often to a fraudulent entity.
AI-Era ScamsAI chatbots posing as brand support to extract logins, payments or remote access.
Tech ScamsFraudulent services charge recurring fees to remove personal information from data broker sites but perform no work or provide a service anyone can do for free.
Online Shopping ScamsBogus voucher and coupon offers used to harvest data or lure shoppers to fake checkout pages.
Government Impersonation ScamsFraudsters send official-looking messages claiming voter registration has lapsed and directing recipients to fake sites that harvest identity data or charge unnecessary fees.
Pet & Animal ScamsWebsites sell worthless ESA registration certificates, ID cards, and vests that have no legal standing, misleading buyers into believing their pet has official status.
Job & Income ScamsOfficial-looking contracts and offer letters used to legitimise fees, data theft, or mule activity.
Travel ScamsFraudulent eSIM activation sites and fake roaming packages that charge for data connectivity that never works.
Online Shopping ScamsUnsolicited calls or messages claiming your product warranty is expiring and pressuring you to buy a worthless extended plan.
Auto & Vehicle ScamsUnsolicited calls or mailers pushing worthless 'vehicle protection' policies that cover almost nothing and are nearly impossible to claim on.
Online Shopping ScamsArtificial urgency tactics — countdown timers and fake limited stock warnings — used to pressure buyers into fast decisions on fraudulent or overpriced offers.
Travel ScamsFraudulent emails and texts pose as airline upgrade offers, harvesting card details or account credentials from passengers willing to pay a fee to move to business or premium class.
Social Media & Account TakeoverServices selling artificial followers, likes, or comments that deliver bot accounts, steal credentials, or enable ongoing billing fraud.
Imposter & Emergency ScamsA message arrives claiming to be from a known contact who has a new phone number, quickly followed by a request for money or personal information. The sender is a scammer, not the friend.
Gaming ScamsFraudulent or grey-market game key sellers delivering invalid, region-locked, or already-used activation keys.
Government Impersonation ScamsPromises of free government grant money that require fees or bank details to 'release'.
Job & Income ScamsFraudulent brand partnership offers that require social media creators to pay upfront fees, buy products, or share personal bank details before receiving payment.
Job & Income ScamsBogus interviews via chat used to collect personal data or push equipment/onboarding fees.
Business ScamsBogus legal demands — copyright, debt, or lawsuits — pressuring businesses to pay or click.
Travel ScamsBogus claims handlers and imposter airline services that charge processing fees to access compensation that either doesn't exist or is freely available through official channels.
Online Shopping ScamsFraudsters send fake alerts claiming your retail or shopping loyalty points are about to expire, directing you to phishing pages that harvest account credentials or card details.
Auto & Vehicle ScamsDishonest repair shops and mobile mechanics who invent faults, perform unnecessary work, or massively overcharge for simple repairs on vehicles brought in for service.
Utility & Energy ScamsCallers or doorstep visitors using a bogus meter reading pretext to gain home access, steal personal data, or charge for unnecessary services.
Business ScamsFraudsters send invoices for office supplies or services never ordered, hoping that busy accounts payable departments will pay without verifying the underlying transaction.
Education & Student ScamsNon-existent or vastly misrepresented online courses that take payment and deliver little or no educational content.
Business ScamsBogus business partnerships or distribution deals used to extract fees, stock, or sensitive data.
Insurance ScamsFraudulent or near-worthless pet insurance policies that collect premiums but deny almost every vet claim through hidden exclusions or outright non-existence.
Mail & Courier FraudFraudsters advertise non-existent PO boxes or mail-handling addresses, collect rental fees, and never provide any postal service — leaving victims without mail access.
Job & Income ScamsFraudulent 'product testing' schemes promise free products and payment to consumers but charge upfront fees, harvest personal data, or deliver counterfeit goods while collecting real payment details.
Job & Income ScamsFraudulent proofreading employers recruit applicants and charge them for a certification course or training material as a condition of employment — no actual proofreading work ever follows.
Mail & Courier FraudCriminals place counterfeit 'we missed you' delivery cards through letterboxes, directing victims to phishing sites or premium-rate phone lines to 'rebook' a delivery.
Charity & Disaster ScamsFraudulent door-to-door or street collections that use religious imagery and charitable language to solicit cash donations that reach no genuine faith organisation or cause.
Extortion & Blackmail ScamsCriminals post false negative reviews on a business listing and then offer to remove them for a fee, or threaten to flood the listing with further fake reviews unless money is paid.
Online Shopping ScamsManipulated or entirely fabricated product reviews used to steer shoppers toward low-quality, counterfeit, or non-existent products.
Job & Income ScamsScammers impersonate legitimate search and social media quality evaluation programmes, charging fake application or certification fees or collecting identity documents without ever providing paid work.
Tech ScamsBogus 'update required' prompts that install malware instead of genuine updates.
Government Impersonation ScamsMessages claiming a government stimulus payment is waiting but requires fees or banking details to release.
Pet & Animal ScamsFraudsters advertise pedigree stud dogs or cats with fabricated credentials, collecting stud fees or deposits for services never rendered.
Health & Medical ScamsHeavily marketed health supplements sold through deceptive free-trial offers that hide recurring high-cost subscription charges in difficult-to-cancel billing arrangements.
Travel ScamsUnlicensed guides and bogus tour operators who take payment for tours that don't happen as promised.
Online Shopping ScamsSellers provide bogus or recycled tracking numbers to delay disputes until protection windows close.
Business ScamsOfficial-looking invoices for trademark 'registration', 'renewal' or 'publication' from bogus bodies.
Government Impersonation ScamsFraudsters send convincing fake traffic-fine notices claiming a speed camera or red-light camera captured the victim's vehicle, then direct victims to fraudulent payment portals that steal money and card details.
Job & Income ScamsFraudulent transcription employers advertise easy home-based audio transcription work, then charge applicants for training or certification before providing any work — after which they disappear.
Job & Income ScamsFraudulent translation agencies recruit linguists with attractive per-word rates, then charge upfront fees for software, certification, or testing before vanishing or providing no actual work.
Travel ScamsBogus policies that take premiums for cover that doesn't exist or won't pay valid claims.
Travel ScamsFraudsters posing as loyalty scheme support or third-party brokers steal frequent flyer and hotel points by requesting account credentials or directing victims to fake transfer sites.
Travel ScamsFraudsters threaten to post fabricated negative reviews about a traveller's business or personal travel unless a fee is paid, or demand payments from hospitality businesses in exchange for removing damaging fake reviews.
Utility & Energy ScamsRogue traders demanding upfront payment for tree removal or garden work they never complete, or using utility-risk framing to pressure quick decisions.
Business ScamsInvoices for goods or services never ordered, or duplicate 'overdue' demands, hoping you'll just pay.
Subscription & Billing ScamsClicking an 'unsubscribe' link in a spam or scam email confirms your address is active, leading to more spam, credential phishing, or malware download rather than stopping messages.
Imposter & Emergency ScamsA caller claiming to be from a utility company says there is an urgent problem with the victim's account or service — an overdue bill, a technical fault, or an emergency situation — and demands immediate payment or personal details.
Utility & Energy ScamsBogus notifications claiming you are owed a refund or rebate from your energy or water provider.
Government Impersonation ScamsUnofficial websites or texts charging inflated fees for vehicle registration, road tax renewal, or MOT reminders that duplicate official free services.
Pet & Animal ScamsIndividuals create false crowdfunding campaigns claiming a pet needs urgent, expensive veterinary treatment, collecting donations that are used for personal gain rather than any animal's care.
Online Shopping ScamsFraudulent warranty registration sites that harvest personal and payment data under the guise of activating a product guarantee.
Utility & Energy ScamsCallers claiming your tap water is contaminated and selling unnecessary or useless filtration equipment.
Health & Medical ScamsProducts claiming to cause significant weight loss without diet or exercise changes — often sold via aggressive subscription traps.
Charity & Disaster ScamsFraudulent organisations claiming to train guide dogs, assistance animals, or working dogs that collect donations without funding any genuine animal welfare or training programme.
Job & Income ScamsFraudulent apps and websites promise earnings for clicking ads or completing simple digital tasks, but never pay out — they harvest personal data, generate ad revenue for the operator, or require fees that exceed any payout.
Finance ScamsInfluencers and online marketers sell expensive courses, mentorship programmes, or masterclasses promising rapid wealth through trading, dropshipping, or passive income strategies, delivering little of practical value.
Online Shopping ScamsTampered or compromised gift cards sold online or in shops where the balance has already been secretly emptied by the fraudster.
Social Media & Account TakeoverFake prize notifications sent by DM that lead to credential-phishing pages or trick winners into authorising malicious apps.
Subscription & Billing ScamsRecurring charges that were technically authorised but never consciously intended — from forgotten trials, confusing sign-ups, or buried renewal terms — drain accounts over months or years.
Online Shopping ScamsFraudulent group-buy deals promise steep discounts when enough buyers join, but the required threshold is never reached honestly, no goods are delivered, and the organiser vanishes with all deposits.
Home Services & Contractor ScamsDoor-to-door solicitors offer cheap gutter cleaning, collect a cash payment, spend minutes on the roof doing little or no work, and leave before the homeowner can verify the result.
Social Media & Account TakeoverCounterfeit brand partnership offers that harvest credentials, extract fees, or obtain personal data under the guise of a paid sponsorship deal.
Tech ScamsTampered public USB charging ports that steal data or install malware while your device charges.
Pet & Animal ScamsScammers contact owners of genuinely missing pets, claim to have found the animal, and demand a reward or 'recovery fee' before a pet that was never in their possession is handed over.
Tech ScamsAggressive popups and fake alerts that push malware downloads or fake support numbers.
Finance ScamsScammers charge for matched betting software or arbitrage alerts that do not work as advertised, steal account credentials, or expose victims to money-laundering risks.
Job & Income ScamsBogus talent agencies that charge upfront fees for portfolios, headshots, or training with no genuine industry access.
Imposter & Emergency ScamsA scammer calls using a phone number with the same area code or prefix as the victim's own number, making the call appear to come from a nearby or familiar source. The familiar number makes the victim more likely to answer and comply.
Telecom & Account ScamsYour phone rings once from an unfamiliar international number and disconnects, enticing you to call back — connecting you to a premium-rate line that charges by the minute.
Job & Income ScamsFraudulent survey and market-research panel sites promise significant pay-per-survey income but pocket sign-up fees, sell personal data, or keep earnings locked behind impossible cashout thresholds.
Telecom & Account ScamsFake carrier upgrade offers or impersonators trick you into handing over personal details, paying fees, or giving up your device in exchange for a promised upgrade that never arrives.
Health & Medical ScamsFake or misleading pharmacy discount cards that charge membership fees for minimal savings, harvest personal health data, or misrepresent themselves as insurance.
Home Services & Contractor ScamsWorkers offer on-the-spot pressure washing at a low price, collect payment upfront, and use insufficient equipment or technique that leaves surfaces dirty or causes damage.
Social Media & Account TakeoverDuplicate profiles built using your public photos and name to scam your contacts or tarnish your reputation.
Lottery & Prize ScamsFraudulent raffles that collect ticket sales without conducting a fair draw, delivering no prize to any genuine participant.
Charity & Disaster ScamsFraudulent appeals exploiting religious faith and community trust to solicit donations for fake missions, churches, or humanitarian work.
Lottery & Prize ScamsFraudulent second-chance draw promotions that collect non-winning ticket numbers and personal details to charge fees or commit identity fraud.
Lottery & Prize ScamsFake giveaways promoted on social platforms to collect personal information, extract fees, or push victims to phishing sites.
Finance ScamsFraudsters sell supposedly expert sports betting tips or access to insider information, collecting subscription fees while providing picks that perform no better than chance.
Mail & Courier FraudOpportunistic thieves monitor delivery drivers and steal unattended parcels from doorsteps, porches, and communal entrance areas shortly after delivery.
Telecom & Account ScamsUnauthorised third-party charges are added to your phone bill without your consent, often disguised as service subscriptions or premium content fees you never signed up for.
Travel ScamsFraudsters posing as courier companies or embassy agents demand payment for 'customs fees' or 'release charges' on supposed travel documents being delivered, then collect the fee and deliver nothing.
Tech ScamsPlanted USB drives loaded with malware that exploit curiosity to compromise devices.
Auto & Vehicle ScamsUnsolicited robocalls claiming your vehicle warranty is expiring and pressuring you to purchase a worthless extended service contract from an unregulated third party.
Telecom & Account ScamsFraudsters promise — or impersonate the process of obtaining — official social media or platform verification badges, charging fees or stealing credentials in the process.
Charity & Disaster ScamsFraudulent overseas volunteering organisations that charge placement or programme fees for positions that do not exist or for experiences grossly misrepresented from reality.
Insurance ScamsUnsolicited calls and letters claiming your warranty or insurance is about to expire — pressuring you into paying for a renewal or product you do not need.